Chapter 7. Applications of Computer

Chapter 7. Applications of Computer

          Computers are used to assist the human being in following fields.

·        Business

·        Medicine and healthcare

·        Communications

·        Science

·        Research

·        Law

·        Engineering

·        Manufacturing

·        Enforcement

·        Entertainment

·        Education

·        Government

·        Defence

Business

E-commerce

In business computers are used to collect, manage and reproduce a large variety of data. They used in Vertical applications, Personal productivity and work group computing. E-commerce refers to the process of buying or selling products or services over a computer network. So it increases productivity, saves money, increase effective communication and accuracy.

Medicine and healthcare

Telemedicine

It is the use of computer and internet to make healthcare available to people living in rural and remote areas. CAT (Computerized Axial Tomography) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) are used for diagnosis.       

Computers are used in hospitals to help doctors in diagnosis, to get information of patients, their diseases, treatments, drugs etc. Patients record keeping are done by using computers with the help of medical transcriptionist. Doctors can discuss the diagnosis with colleagues by teleconferencing or video conferencing. To design, produce and check a new medicine or drug, computers are used.

Communications

Computers are extensively used in sending and receiving information over long distances. The different facilities of internet like chatting, sms, mms, e-mail, conferencing, www, news groups, are used for communication purpose. They are easy to use, less cost, high speed. Here private networks, value added networks, public networks are used.

Science

Weather prediction (Meteorology)

Here weather data supplied by a worldwide network of satellite. These data are analyzed a series of computer programs. It provides more accurate weather forecast.

Forensics

It is a science concerned with criminal investigation and the court of law. This methods help us to identifying a person with finger prints, nail or hair parts. Here image processing and analysis is takes place.

Monitoring

It is used to watch system behaviour. It measures temperature, pressure, displacement, deflection, force, voltage, current, frequency, power etc. So it widely used in metro railway, road and air traffic.

Biometry and individual identification

It is used to identify password, id number, magnetic card, ID card, or individual body characteristics like finger print, retina scan, vein recognition, voice etc.

Research

Natural Resource Management

It is used to identifying and managing the natural resources like rivers, forests, mineral are deposit, petroleum products, coal, gold etc.

Census

Computers are used analyzing the census data. That is widely useful for government for planning, budgeting and resource allocation. It empowers the education, financial status, employment, health etc.

Law

Now a day’s expert legal consulting systems are developed by using computers. They store facts, rules then to provide medical reports, police reports, lab reports, eyewitness reports, etc. It is more powerful method to settle a case easily.

Courts

The above documents are stored in a data base. This will help to access quickly for a judgment in the court. Now a day’s videoconferencing is used for getting live reports, opinion of experts they lived in anywhere in the world.

Legal transcription

During arguments done in the court the details of cross examinations of witness or defendants or advocates are recorded. This is called legal transcription.

Engineering

In industry production can be planned, co-ordinate and controlled with the help of computers. In gas exploration, drilling, oil refining the machines is directly operated with the help of computers. In power station, information technology enabled services, back office processing, call centres, data entry job, electronic forms, digital catalogues, human resource service computers are widely used.

Manufacturing

Industrial automation

It is a technology concerned with the application of mechanical, electronic, and computer based systems to operate and control production. Here designing, developing, assembling, checking etc are done by using computers. CAD (Computer Aided Designing) and CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) are used here. Computer controlled equipment flexible manufacturing system and robots are used in manufacturing field.

Enforcement

Event capture

Here a boss can view and record work, words, actions, gestures of a particular person to ensure his capability, accuracy, efficiency to the firm.

Remote surveillance

In banks, VVIP centers are provided a web camera to convey the activities in that area to the head quarters by using a network.

To prepare abstracts, Indexing, prepress jobs, talk forms, remote private assistance are used computers widely.

Entertainment

Computers are extensively used in film industry in pre production, production and post production.

Animation

          It is the term used in graphics in motion. A film made by a series of drawings to give an illusion of movement is called animation film.

Cell animation

It is process of projecting still pictures one after another.

Animation

It is the term fir changing the visuals in a scene, like color changing shrink and grow, moving text in a special order etc.

Morphing

It is a technique in animation by which one image transforms itself to another.

Video editing

It is the process of selecting the best scene and eliminating the rest. Cropping, resizing, sound mixing, add special effects are done in video editing.

Games

Developing simulated games is done y using computers, for this the programmer have great skill to design the scene, write code, add music and draw art works etc.

Education

          A new category of teaching tools are emerged by using computers for learning become interesting and less boring. CAVI (Computer Aided Video Instruction), Multimedia, CD ROMs, Computer Aided Instructions (CAI), Presentation aids, Productivity tools, simulations and games, internet, distance education, online education are some methods used by the computers in education.

Government

E-governance is the delivery of government services and information to the public using electronic devices. It enhances the speed, reliability, less cost and efficiency of the government.

Defence

          The military uses smart weapons to fend the country. These microprocessor based weapons can target the enemy without error. Modern tanks, torpedoes, missiles, radar, aircrafts are uses computerized control systems.