Chapter 8: Advanced Tools for Web Design
Web design means to develop and presenting a specific content in a web page. There are many technologies and tools available foe web designing.
They are,
- HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
- DHTML (Dynamic HTML)
- XML (Extensible Markup Language)
- Scripting Languages
a) Java Script
b) V.B Script
- Perl (Practical Extraction and Report Language)
- CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
- ASP (Active Server Page)
- JSP (Java Server Page)
- Java
- C# (C Sharp)
- .Net
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
They are used to create static web pages / passive WebPages. That does not change the appearance frequently. These web pages are similar to a printed page in a book. Another example for static web page creation tool is Microsoft Front Page.
Advantages:
It is very simple to create
They are easy to maintain or modify.
The access time is less when we access the page from a server to client.
Disadvantages:
It is not suitable for frequent changing situations.
It cannot change the contents itself (Text, Image, Links).
They do not include animations and eye catching displays.
Here the information transferred in one direction only (Server to client).
DHTML (Dynamic HTML)
It expands the capabilities of HTML by its interaction and presentation. It has programmable tags. These features are achieved by connecting the WebPages with VB Scripts or Java Scripts. Here the content may changes according the time country, user’s type etc. So this type of web page is called Dynamic webpage. So it react the user’s input.
Advantages
It can change the contents dynamically (Text, Image, Links, Animations Graphics).
It can add multimedia effects and animation.
It is suitable for business applications.
User can interact with the web page.
The user can send data and it can save on the server.
XML (Extensible Markup Language)
This language provides a provision to create our own tags to indicate specific information. So it has no predefined tag set like in HTML. It can carry data from server to client. So XML is the mediator to carry the data.
Difference between XML and HTML
XML is designed to carry data but HTML only displays the data from server to client.
XML defines it own grammar (No predefined tags) but HTML have predefined tags ad attributes.
XML describe the data But HTML only displays the content.
Scripting Languages
It refers to a programming language that executed by an interpreter from within a browser. They are programs embedded in a webpage to do a specified job. They execute directly when the webpage displays. It enables the dynamic contents.
It controls the navigation under conditions.
It validate, communicate and response to the users input.
It produces results for query from a data base.
Types of scripts
Client Scripts: - The scripts that can be executed by the browser are called client scripts.
Server Scripts: - The scripts that can be executed by the server are called client scripts.
The languages are used to write scripts are called Scripting languages. They are Java script and VB script.
Java Script
They are lines of executable computer codes. It is an object oriented scripting language. These scripts are supported most of the browser software. They live and work within the web pages on www. It makes the web pages are dynamic. The users can interact with the web pages and can transfer data to the server through forms. Java scripts validate the user inputted data. It react the user produced events. Also they include animations, multimedia effects etc. Java script was created by Netscape and based on Java language. In short they can embed the applications to the webpage. They run both server side and client side. By using java script we can include decisions, data base and interactive elements.
VB Script
These scripts are supported only Internet Explorer browser soft ware. So they are not platform independent. They live and work within the web pages on www. It makes the web pages are dynamic. The users can interact with the web pages and can transfer data to the server through forms. Also they include animations, multimedia effects etc. VB script was created by Microsoft and based on VB language. In short they can embed the applications to the webpage. They run both server side and client side.
So these scripts are reducing the processing time from server to client and vice versa.
Perl (Practical Extraction and Report Language)&CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
Perl is a server side scripting language as well as programming language, developed by ‘Larry Wall’. They are freely distributed, easy to use and they work in all operating systems. They are portable (Easy to move one platform to another). Now they work in all operating systems. They are used to create CGI scripts. It is a collection of protocols for executing the programs from the client to the server and receives their outputs. So it provides live information purchase, database search, online registration etc. Today CGI and Perl provide us a facility to do real time business by sitting at home. They work together the database, users and servers very quickly.
Active Serve Pages (ASP)
It was introduced by Microsoft Corporation. They are web pages with dynamic contents. It includes tags, text and scripts. Its file extension is ‘.asp’. Here VB script and Java script are used for creating script components.
In ASP the script component executes in the server and the effect sent back to the client. These effects will be displayed on browser window. So it is a real time execution. So it helpful for sharing data base for multiple users simultaneously. The ASP code is written in text mode. It needs no installations in server for running ASP code. Can easy to modify without effecting server function.
Java Server Pages (JSP)
It was introduced by Sun Micro Systems. It helps us to create and maintain dynamic web pages easily. It is platform independent. Its file extension is ‘.jsp’. It has additional it of code for executing application logic to generate dynamic content. This application logic can be implemented by Java database, Enterprise Java Bean (EJB) and Remote Method Invocation (RMI). Servlets are modules of java code that run in server machine to serve the client request.
JAVA
It is platform independent Object Oriented Programming language and is designed to meet the real world requirements of creating interactive, networked programs developed by Sun Microsystems. A Java program that executes from a web page is called an applet.
.NET
With .NET a developer can use a programming language of her choice to quickly and easily distributed applications that run on any platform. It is introduced by Microsoft. It is platform independent. In a networked environment the distributed computing takes place. So it uses the resources effectively.
C#
It is an Object Oriented Programming language that is used to develop applications for .NET platform. Also it uses to develop web applications to enhance its ability.
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